DES Sons (Men exposed to DES in utero) and their health effects as a result of DES have been less studied, but several risks are known. DES is an endocrine disruptor, causing reproductive tract developmental abnormalities. Higher frequencies of undescended testicles (cryptorchidism) and epididymal cysts have been documented. Some also show changes like smaller or undeveloped testes and hypospadias.

Concerns about fertility arose, but larger studies found no significant increase in infertility compared to other men. While some subtle effects on sperm/testicular function can’t be ruled out, many DES Sons father children. 

Regarding cancer, research on the risk of testicular or prostate cancer from prenatal DES exposure has been inconclusive. DES Sons might face higher cardiovascular risks in middle age, such as hypertension and heart disease. DES Sons should remain vigilant about their health, perform regular testicular self-exams, and inform doctors of their DES exposure.