In 1992, the National Cancer Institute in the US initiated a long-term study of individuals prenatally exposed to DES - known as the DES Follow-up Study. The participants were initially recruited from eight different medical centres and comprised five individual cohorts. Additionally, in 2000, the Institute began monitoring the daughters of DES daughters, referred to as third-generation women, through the DES Follow-up Study.

Researchers continue to investigate the health outcomes of DES daughters as they progress through menopause. A pilot study revealed altered oestrogen metabolism in postmenopausal DES daughters, suggesting that prenatal exposure to this endocrine disruptor may impact oestrogen metabolism many years later. The cancer risks for exposed sons are also under examination. Furthermore, researchers are exploring potential health effects on DES grandchildren.